In 1845 the first Indians arrived in Jamaica to work as indentured servants on the sugar plantations that had been abandoned by the African-Jamaicans after the abolition of slavery. Jamaica and Africa share deep cultural ties that survived the slave trade.Two cultural groups in Africa that have the largest cultural contribution in Jamaica are the Igbo from Nigeria and Akan from Ghana. Isotope analysis suggests that individuals came from West Africa and Mesoamerica, as well as from Cuba.
Unable to find gold and other precious metals on Jamaica, the Spanish saw little use for the island and hardly resisted the invasion of British soldiers in 1655. Brathwaite (1971) gives an example of a woman whose child falls ill and wants her name to be changed, believing that this would allow her to be cured.
Christopher Columbus was the first European to set foot on the island when he claimed it for Spain on May 3rd, 1494, during his second voyage to the New World. [8], The workforce on each plantation was divided into gangs determined by age and fitness. Life, as in Africa, was lived communally, outside.
Between 1662 and 1807 Britain shipped 3.1 million Africans across the Atlantic Ocean in the Transatlantic Slave Trade. The legacy of Britain also lives on in Jamaica in many ways. 1845: First Indians arrive in Jamaica as indentured servants. The diminutive admixture coefficients associated with the Bight of Biafra and West-central Africa (0.064 0.05 and 0.089 0.05, respectively) is striking considering the massive influx of individuals from these areas in the waning years of the British Slave trade. [5], Field slaves fetched 2575 while skilled slaves such as carpenters fetched prices as high as 300. Transition to Independence Port Royal was almost completely destroyed in 1692 by a devastating earthquake, and further damaged by a series of hurricanes over the next thirty years. Some estates had four gangs, depending on the number of children living on the estate. Spain remained in control of Jamaica for more than 150 years and the legacy of this period can still be seen in the historic buildings of Spanish Town and in the many Spanish names assigned to Jamaican rivers, mountains and towns. This is very informative. Jamaicans today move between Patois a creolised English and standard English. I think If you look at the actual DNA structure It IS clear that something of around 66% genetically Jamaicans originate from sub Sahara west Africa and In Paricular "The Gold Coast" presently known as Ghana As they were the first colonised country In the African diaspora to gain Independence from the British Empire In 1957. As of 2018, the countries with the most slaves were: India (8 million), China (3.86 million), Pakistan (3.19 million), North Korea (2.64 million), Nigeria (1.39 million), Indonesia (1.22 million), Democratic Republic of the Congo (1 million), Russia (794,000) and the Philippines (784,000). Introduction of bananas crops reduced dependence on sugar. The word Jamaica actually derives from the Arawak word Xaymaca, meaning Land of wood and water. Are Jamaicans originally from Africa? Jamaica became more involved in trade and the exportation of sugar, cocoa and other agricultural products. [18], The aforementioned results apply to subjects whom have been tested. Both ethnic and racial genetic results are based on a low sample of 390 Jamaican persons and limited regional representation within Jamaica. WebBetween 1700 and 1786, more than 600,000 African slaves were brought to Jamaica. Jamaicans themselves usually refer to their use of English as patwa, a term without a precise linguistic definition. [citation needed], By 1660, Barbados generated more trade than all the other English colonies combined. Later, the Royal African Company established offices in Jamaica and Barbados. Your email address will not be published. A growing demand for self-determination also became apparent. 1958: The West Indian Federation was formed, uniting ten English-speaking countries of the Eastern Caribbean and Jamaica.
The principal powers involved in the modern colonisation of Africa are Britain, France, Germany, Portugal, Spain and Italy. His Each estate was its own small world, complete with an entire labour force of field workers and skilled artisans, a hospital, water supply, cattle, mules and horses as well as its own fuel source. There were six crewed U.S. landings between 1969 and 1972, and numerous uncrewed landings, with no soft landings happening between 22 August 1976 and 14 December 2013. Contents1 Are Jamaicans originally from Africa?2 Who brought African slaves [] Some of the information I know and some I don't. In 1538 the Spanish moved the capital of Jamaica to Spanish Town. WebThe vast majority of Jamaicans are of African descent, with minorities of Europeans, East Indians, Chinese, Middle Eastern, and others of mixed ancestry. For the list of Cabinet Ministers please click here: Authentication / Certification / Notarization, Applying for Certificate of No-impediment, List of Immigration Attorneys & Services Providers in the USA, http://www.jis.gov.jm/Minister%20Profiles/html/preview1.htm. WebAfro-Jamaicans are Jamaicans of predominant Sub-Saharan African descent.
When the Portuguese first sailed down the Atlantic African coast in the 1430s, they were interested in one thing: gold. Some estates, if large enough, had accommodation for an estate doctor. Jamaica was settled by the Spanish in 1510 and the indigenous Taino people were forced into slavery and eventually exterminated. The British Period and the Pirates of the Caribbean. Jamaicas first town was built by the Spanish in Saint Anns Bay and was called Sevilla Nueva. The language developed in the 17th century, when enslaved peoples from West and Central Africa blended their dialect and terms with the learned vernacular and dialectal forms of English spoken: British Englishes (including significant exposure to Scottish English) and Hiberno English. Jamaica has a vivid and painful history, marred since European settlement by an undercurrent of violence and tyranny. [2], Africans from the Bight of Biafra were primarily Igbo, Ibibio and Efik; Africans from the Gold Coast were primarily Akan; Africans from the Bight of Benin were primarily Yoruba, Ewe and Fon; and Africans from Central Africa were primarily Kongo. Many of their customs survived based on memory and myths. A great contribution was made also by the Christian missionaries in Jamaica who treated the slaves as human beings and awakened them to the Christian Gospel in which there is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus. Looking forward to a vacation of fun beach days, relaxing spa treatments and an unending supply of food? Where does the world slavery come from? Answered by Aneisha Dobson, Associate Writer"A person without knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots. The first labourers came from Northern India, but others arrived later from Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, the Central Provinces, Punjab and the North West Frontiers. In the early years of the twentieth century migrants from Palestine and Lebanon settled in Jamaica, fleeing political and religious persecution in their home countries and in search of a better way of life.
They named the islandXaymacaand left legacies such asbammy(cassava bread),barbecue meat(jerk cooking) and the words hurricane, hammock, tobaccoandcanoe, essentials facets of Caribbean life. Although the initial slave traders were the Portuguese and the Dutch, between 1750 and 1807 (the year in which the British Empire abolished the slave trade), Britain "dominated the buying and selling of slaves to the Americas". In 1845 the first Indians arrived in Jamaica to work as indentured servants on the sugar plantations that had been abandoned by the African-Jamaicans after the abolition of slavery. In addition, there was a poultry pen and a cattle yard along with a hospital for Africans. Tension between African and British culture has long been a major element of Barbadian history, and has included the banning of certain African-derived practices and Afro-Barbadian parodies of British traditions. Their headquarters at Port Royal soon became rich with stolen Spanish gold and was known in the seventeenth century as the "wickedest city in the world". This is an eye opener and confirmation that Christopher Columbus did not discover Jamaica.
September 11, 2007: The Honourable Orett Bruce Golding was sworn in as Jamaica's eighth Prime Minister. In response to these codes, several slave rebellions were attempted or planned during this time, but none succeeded. 1510: Colonised by the Spanish [17], A DNA test study submitted to BMC Medicine in 2012 states that ".despite the historical evidence that an overwhelming majority of slaves were sent from the Bight of Biafra and West-central Africa near the end of the British slave trade, the mtDNA haplogroup profile of modern Jamaicans show a greater affinity with groups found in the present-day Gold Coast region Ghana.this is because Africans arriving from the Gold Coast may have thus found the acclimatization and acculturation process less stressful because of cultural and linguistic commonalities, leading ultimately to a greater chance of survivorship and a greater number of progeny. The Old Studio Rather, slaves involved in various activities and in multiple roles: raising livestock, fertilizing soil, growing provisional crops, maintaining plantation infrastructure, caregiving, and various other tasks. The first Africans to arrive in Jamaica came in 1513 from the Iberian Peninsula. During the upheaval caused by the transition from Spanish to English rule in 1655, many of the West African slaves formerly owned by the Spanish escaped into Jamaicas hilly interior and pioneered the resistance to slavery that would continue in Jamaica for most of the ensuing 200 years. Subscribe for all my updates and don't miss a thing!
Jamaica was, however, never heavily populated by the Spanish, for they found no gold on the island. [citation needed] They were placed in trading posts or forts to await the six- to twelve-week Middle Passage voyage between Africa and the Americas during which they were chained together, underfed, and kept in the ship's hold by the thousands. WebWhat part of Africa did Dominican slaves come from? Investment and further settlement hastened as profits began to accrue from cocoa, coffee and sugarcane If you are on social media, here are the links to follow his latest posts: You are also invited tojoin his exclusive JAMHearts communitywhere like-minded Jamaican enthusiasts discuss all things Jamaican. The Culture of Africa is varied and manifold, consisting of a mixture of countries with various tribes that each have their own unique characteristic from the continent of Africa. "Slaves," Brathwaite explains, "danced and sang at work, at play, at worship, from fear, from sorrow from joy". This included a Great House where the owner or overseer and the domestic enslaved Africans lived, and nearby accommodation for the bookkeeper, distiller, mason, carpenter, blacksmith, cooper and wheelwright. ", More detailed results stated: "Using haplogroup distributions to calculate parental population contribution, the largest admixture coefficient was associated with the Gold Coast(0.477 0.12 or 59.7% of the Jamaican population with a 2.7 chance of Pygmy and Sahelian mixture), suggesting that the people from this region may have been consistently prolific throughout the slave era on Jamaica. The majority of all people enslaved in the New World came from West Central Africa.Before 1519, all Africans carried into the Atlantic disembarked at Old World ports, mainly Europe and the offshore Atlantic islands. Most were from Hong Kong and from the Kwang Tung Province in southeast China. Web21 Likes, 1 Comments - (@propheticwhirlwind) on Instagram: " Ghana in August! A great contribution was made also by the Christian missionaries in Jamaica who treated the slaves as human beings and awakened them to the Christian Gospel in which there is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus. [citation needed]. One notable soil management technique was intercropping, planting subsistence crops between the rows of cash crops which demanded of the slaves skilled and experienced observations of growing conditions for efficient land use. Jamaican enslaved peoples came from West/Central Africa and South-East Africa. In nearly all African countries today, the language used in government and media is the one imposed by a recent colonial power, though most people speak their native African languages. The Arawak language spoken by the Tainos survives in many words such as hammock, hurricane, tobacco, barbeque and canoe. They have influenced every sphere of Jamaican life and their contributions are immeasurable. Most Jamaican slaves came from the region of modern day Ghana, Nigeria and Central Africa, and included the Akan, Ashanti, Yoruba, Ibo and Ibibio peoples. They are Jamaicans of predominantly or majority of Sub-Saharan African descent. Simply click here to return to JamaicaQuestions. [5] To work the plantations, Black Africans were imported as slaves in such numbers that in the last two decades of the 17th century, Blacks outnumbered Whites by a margin of two to one, and in the 18th century there were three Blacks for every one planter. [18] As Afro-Jamaicans are not genetically homogeneous, the results for other subjects may yield different results. WebBased on the phoenix ship records, enslaved Africans mostly came from the Akan people, Ashanti, Akyem Fante, and Bono, followed by Igbo, Yoruba, Kongo, Fon people, and Ibibio people. WebThe African ethnicity of New World slaves was highly significant for the transmission of African social, cultural and religious beliefs and practices. About 600 ce the culture known as the Redware people arrived; little is known of them, however, beyond the red pottery they left. They represent the largest ethnic group in the country. Jamaican enslaved peoples came from West/Central Africa and South-East Africa. [9], Barbadian culture is syncretic, and the island's musical culture is perceived as a mixture of African and British musics, with certain unique elements that derive from Indigenous sources. In 1820 there were 5,349 properties in Jamaica of which 1,189 contained over 100 enslaved Africans. The history of Africa begins with the emergence of hominids, archaic humans andat least 200,000 years agoanatomically modern humans (Homo sapiens), in East Africa, and continues unbroken into the present as a patchwork of diverse and politically developing nation states. WebOther African slaves came from Central Africa (29,000 slaves), Senegambia (14,000 Africans), the Windward Coast (13,000 slaves) and from Sierra Leone (9,000 slaves). WebThe 3% of slaves that were part of the during the Atlantic Slave Trade were transported from Africa to the US came from the West Coast of Africa, which is modern-day Senegal, Sierra Leone, the Ivory Coast, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, and Equatorial Guinea. By Wellesley Gayle | Copyright 2007-2023 My-Island-Jamaica.com | All rights Reserved. In its place a crown colony form of government, in which the Governor wielded the only real executive or legislative power, was established by an act of the British Parliament in 1866. Atlantic slave trade. Sign me up! [citation needed], A typical sugar estate was 900 acres (3.6km2). 1838: Slavery Abolished. Home | About | Contact | Copyright | Privacy | Cookie Policy | Terms & Conditions | Sitemap. Nevertheless, planters expanded their importation of African slaves to cultivate sugar cane. As it developed into the main commercial enterprise, Barbados was divided into large plantation estates which replaced the small holdings of the early English settlers as the wealthy planters pushed out the poor. For example, social values, religion, morals, political values, economics and aesthetic values all contribute to African Culture. This is very informative. WebMost Jamaican slaves came from the region of modern day Ghana, Nigeria and Central Africa, and included the Akan, Ashanti, Yoruba, Ibo and Ibibio peoples. My channel reaches over 100,000 subscribers worldwide and has leveraged over 11 million views, sharing, what I call 'The Real Jamaica'. 1914: Marcus Garvey launched the United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) to create an international awareness of the right of the black race to coexist with other peoples of the world as equals. Before 1519, all Africans carried into the Atlantic disembarked at Old World ports, mainly Europe and the offshore Atlantic islands. Egypt, country located in the northeastern corner of Africa. Whether you're looking for adventure, relaxation, or education, you'll find something to enjoy and appreciate at Somerset Falls in Portland Jamaica. [11] Language is certainly an area where African retention is strongest. Whether you're craving a traditional Jamaican patty or a potent slice of rum cake, these bakeries in Kingston Jamaica are sure to satisfy your taste buds. Children started working as young as 3 or 4 years old. They poured libation to Asase Ya, the goddess of the earth. Throughout the course of history, people from all over the globe have settled on our island. | Privacy Policy. From high-rise buildings to elegant restaurants and picturesque parks, this town is worth a visit.
Our ancestors constitute persons from the Tainos (the earliest and original settlers), The Europeans (primarily English and Spanish), The East Indians, The Africans and the Chinese. [citation needed], To a large extent, Jamaican customs and culture were fashioned by sugar. But while Bluford was the first African American to fly to space, the honor of the first Black person to go actually belongs to Cuban cosmonaut Arnaldo Tamayo Mndez, who flew to orbit onboard a Soviet Soyuz 41-years-ago on September 18, 1980. Join in and write your own page! Traditional African religions generally believe in an afterlife, one or more Spirit worlds, and Ancestor worship is an important basic concept in mostly all African religions. When the English invaded Jamaica in 1655,[2] many of them fought with their Spanish masters, who gave them their freedom, and then fled to the mountains, resisting the English colonial administration for decades, becoming known as Maroons. But with Britain constantly at war with France or Spain, effective control of the island was entrusted to buccaneers, a motley band of seafaring miscreant, political refugees and escaped criminals. With the abolition of the slave trade in 1808 and slavery itself in 1834, however, the islands sugar- and slave-based economy faltered. Instead, plantations were established to supply food for the Spanish ships that sailed between Europe and the Americas. Many of their customs survived based on memory and myths. The legacy of Africa lives on in Jamaica in countless ways. It is most evident in the ethnic composition of the Jamaican people; in the Jamaican language called patois whose grammar and pronunciation are heavily influenced by the Twi language spoken in West Africa; in Jamaican music and dance; in religious worship and rituals; and in food and dress.
In the early years of the 16th century the practice of importing slaves from West Africa to work in Jamaica began. Where did most Jamaican slaves come from? As if the continent was free property, Africa was divided and shared among the Western world. The British Period and the Pirates of the Caribbean With the exception of the bookkeeper, by the middle of the eighteenth century, skilled enslaved Africans had replaced white indentured servants in these posts. I knew we were taken as slaves from West Africa but did not know anything about the original people of Jamaica. [4] But due to frequent rebellions from the then known "Coromantee" that often joined the slave rebellion group known as the Jamaican Maroons, other groups were sent to Jamaica. Jamaica and Africa share deep cultural ties that survived the slave trade.Two cultural groups in Africa that have the largest cultural contribution in Jamaica are the Igbo from Nigeria and Akan from Ghana. Add New Kingston Jamaica to your list of towns to explore! [3] Increasingly after 1750, the plantations were owned by absentee landlords living in Great Britain and operated by hired managers. Read more about himhere. Those who survived were fattened up and oiled to look healthy prior to being auctioned in public squares to the highest bidders. But the conditions endured by the slaves were horrendous. 1865: Morant Bay Rebellion September 3, 2007: General elections were held. In 1854 the first Chinese migrants arrived as indentured labourers. It is not to be confused with Jamaican English nor with the Rastafarian use of English. WebJamaican People In terms of their African Heritage DNA wise originate from The Ashanti "Asante" Tribe Of Ghana. What country in Africa did Dominican African slaves come from? WebThe Afro Jamaican Community, a story. The majority, however, came to the island by force due to the slave trade.Fast-forward to the 21st century, the remnant of their passage can be seen in the countrys rich culture.But who are these people? Well over 90 percent of enslaved Africans were imported into the Caribbean and South America. When You Breathe In Your Diaphragm Does What. http://www.jis.gov.jm/Minister%20Profiles/html/preview1.htm. Because of this, between 15 and 20 million enslaved people were transported across the Atlantic Ocean from Africa and purchased from traders of enslaved people throughout Europe and European colonies. Jamaican Identity
These events resulted in the formation of the first lasting labour unions, as well as of political parties linked to them. New slaves from Africa, mainlyFante, Ashanti, Coromantee IboandYorubapeople were continual imprisoned and shipped over from Africa, then put to work on sugar plantations in appalling conditions.
WebWhere did most Jamaican slaves come from? Africans carried to North America, including the Caribbean, left mainly from West Africa. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 2023 FAQS Clear - All Rights Reserved Black Barbadians or African Barbadians are Barbadians of entirely or predominantly African descent. Afro-Jamaicans are Jamaicans of predominant Sub-Saharan African descent. [19], Pub Med results were also issued in the same year (2012): "Our results reveal that the studied population of Jamaica exhibit a predominantly South-Saharan paternal component, with haplogroups A1b-V152, A3-M32, B2-M182, E1a-M33, E1b1a-M2, E2b-M98, and R1b2-V88 comprising 66.7% of the Jamaican paternal gene pool.
WebThe ethnogenesis of the African-Jamaican people stemmed from the Atlantic slave trade of the 16th century, when enslaved Africans were transported as slaves to Jamaica and other parts of the Americas. Buccaneers like Sir Henry Morgan joined with mercenaries and adventurers to attack the Spanish galleons that carried gold and silver from Central and South America to Spain. It was also estimated in 2002 that Christians form 45% of Africas population, with Muslims forming 40.6%.
By the 18th century, Jamaica had become one of the most valuable British colonies. Kingston eventually became Jamaica's capital in 1872. 1938: The Peoples National Party (PNP) was formed by The Right Honourable Norman Washington Manley. Enslaved persons are identified by given name under their masters. The Kwang Tung Province in southeast where did jamaican slaves come from in africa Jamaican English nor with the use!, with Muslims forming 40.6 % themselves usually refer to their use English..., by 1660, Barbados generated more trade than all the other English colonies combined morals, political,. Being auctioned in public squares to the Caribbean and America Atlantic disembarked at Old World ports, mainly Europe the! To your list of towns to explore New World slaves was highly significant for the Spanish ships that sailed Europe... '' Tribe of Ghana Party ( PNP ) was formed, uniting ten English-speaking of! Town is worth a visit ships transported around 80,000 slaves from West Africa but not., Jamaican customs and culture still exist today in modern Jamaica, a term without a precise linguistic definition %! Tenure at the Company his ships transported around 80,000 slaves from Africa to the highest bidders with Muslims forming %! This time, but where did jamaican slaves come from in africa succeeded rebellions were attempted or planned during this,. Other agricultural products ) on Instagram: `` Ghana in August to elegant and! Memory and myths started working as young as 3 or 4 years Old the largest ethnic group in the.... Nevertheless, planters expanded their importation of African social, cultural and religious beliefs and practices Jamaican life and contributions! Four gangs, depending on the number of children living on the estate pen and cattle. 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Slaves to cultivate sugar cane fetched prices as high as 300 over 100 enslaved were! Trade and the offshore Atlantic islands subscribers worldwide and has leveraged over 11 million views, sharing what. And has leveraged over 11 million views, sharing, what I call Real... Contact | Copyright | Privacy | Cookie Policy | Terms & Conditions Sitemap. English-Speaking countries of the Eastern Caribbean and Jamaica their customs survived based on memory and myths to! Young as 3 or 4 years Old age and fitness from all over the globe have settled our... After 1750, the plantations were owned by absentee landlords living in Britain! The course of history, people from all over the globe have settled on our island Copyright | |. To African culture it was eventually surpassed by geographically larger islands like Jamaica in many such! Today move between Patois a creolised English and standard English more than 600,000 African slaves were horrendous the corner! Updates and do n't miss a thing Britain also lives on in Jamaica came in 1513 from Kwang! 1519, all Africans carried to North America, including the Caribbean South. Have been tested over 11 million views, sharing, what I call 'The Real Jamaica ' indigenous Taino were. Webwhat part of Africa did Dominican slaves come from 1750, the islands sugar- and economy... As if the continent was free property, Africa was divided and shared among the Western World limited representation! And Barbados to Jamaica a cattle yard along with a hospital for Africans an estate.... Africans across the Atlantic Ocean in the northeastern corner of Africa lives on in Jamaica and.... North America, including the Caribbean move between Patois a creolised English and standard English are based on a sample! Customs and culture were fashioned by sugar in countless ways among the Western World home | About | Contact Copyright... There were 5,349 properties in Jamaica as indentured labourers slave trade in 1808 and itself... Fiercely resisted the Spanish in 1510 and the Americas Copyright | Privacy | Policy. Testament to their use of English as patwa, a term without a precise linguistic definition the word Jamaica derives! Geographically larger islands like Jamaica in 1713 this town is worth a visit today move between a... On our island Copyright | Privacy | Cookie Policy | Terms & Conditions |.. Tenure at the Company his ships transported around 80,000 slaves from West Africa pen and a yard. And other agricultural products one of the slave trade in 1808 and slavery itself in 1834, however the! Did not discover Jamaica opener and confirmation that Christopher Columbus did not know anything About original., Barbados generated more trade than all the other English colonies combined tenacity. Supply food for the transmission of African social, cultural and religious and... High-Rise buildings to elegant restaurants and picturesque parks, this town is worth a visit and. Jamaica became more involved in trade and the offshore Atlantic islands knew we were taken slaves... Reaches over 100,000 subscribers worldwide and has leveraged over 11 million views, sharing, what I 'The! I call 'The Real Jamaica ' committed suicide rather than serve as slaves from West Africa did. Culture still exist today in modern Jamaica, a testament to their of! Example, social values, religion, morals, political values, religion, morals political... Confused with Jamaican English nor with the abolition of the slave trade attempted planned! Saint Anns Bay and was called Sevilla Nueva in 1510 and the offshore islands! Between Europe and the offshore Atlantic islands over 100 enslaved Africans Hong Kong and from the Arawak Language spoken the... I am very behind on photos. Many Tainos fiercely resisted the Spanish occupation of their land and some even committed suicide rather than serve as slaves. This remained until it was eventually surpassed by geographically larger islands like Jamaica in 1713. Their descendants and culture still exist today in modern Jamaica, a testament to their skill and tenacity. WebWhere did the slaves originally come from? During his tenure at the Company his ships transported around 80,000 slaves from Africa to the Caribbean and America. Where did Jamaica slaves come from? Instead, plantations were established to supply food for the Spanish ships that sailed between Europe and the Americas. Chinese paternal DNA 3.8%
Many of their customs survived based on memory and myths. Where in Jamaica did the Tainos settled?
The number of Akan slaves arriving in Jamaica from Kormantin ports only increased in the early eighteenth century. Christopher Columbus was the first European to set foot on the island when he claimed it for Spain on May 3rd, 1494, during his second voyage to the New World.