how successful was the muslim league in 1937 electionshow successful was the muslim league in 1937 elections

The Ministries of U.P. Linlithgow refused the demands of the Congress. Gandhiji wrote in the columns of Harijan against the growing misuse of office and creeping corruption in Congress ranks. When an all-India political crisis occurred and the central Congress leadership wanted it, the Ministries promptly resigned. (A) VEER-ZAARA (B) CHANDNI (C) DIL TO PAGAL HA (D) SILSILA. L3: >Khilafat movement, (early on together, ended with Hindu withdrawal), L4: >Hindu nationalistic groups activities, Congress refused Muslim demands of provincial autonomy even in Muslim majority areas, Simon Commission of 1927, opposed by BOTH, Suggested stronger center with limited provincial Autonomy, relations down since Muslims interested in provincial autonomy, Muslims shouldnt be given extra seats in the council. Some Muslim Leaders thought that Indian Muslims would also be punished through reforms, etc. Gandhi suggested that Congress and Muslim League work together, and Partition after Independence, but Jinnah was too clever to agree to this. The Congress ministries resigned in October and November 1939, in protest against Viceroy Lord Linlithgow's action of declaring India to be a belligerent in the Second World War without consulting the Indian people. The Congress ministries resigned in October and November 1939, in protest against Viceroy Lord Linlithgow's action of declaring India to be a belligerent in the Second World War without consulting the elected representatives of the Indian peoples. The Muslim League needed to improve its organisation and required proper planning for participation in elections. 4.There was mismangement among the party, as they lacked strong insight of a leader causing them to drift aimlessly. nzkhum786@gmail.com. The 1937 election was the first in which large masses of Indians were eligible to participate. The objectives of the league were: To create among Muslims the feelings of loyalty towards the British Government. Even though it was under a Central Government ban, the Communist Party was able to bring out its weekly organ. In 1937, the league was not a popular and organized party. The affair proved to be an exception; but it bred a certain suspicion regarding the future attitude of the Congress Right wing. Why was the Cabinet Mission Plan Unsuccessful? Of all the British functionaries, the ones the people were most afraid of, as also hated, were the police. Why Muslim League was unsuccessful: First major elections contested by League, lacked organization and planning because no experience. There were 1587 seats of Provincial Assemblies in the elections of 1937.Congress won 715 seats.Congress put its Muslim candidates in 58 Constituencies but only 26 were successful.492 seats were reserved for Muslims.the Muslim League could only won 108 seats.Muslim League could not perform better in Punjab as it was for the first WebThe 1937 elections demonstrated that neither the Muslim League nor the Congress represented Muslims. The blacklisting of newspapers for purposes of government advertising was given up. Gave Hindus and Muslims a common enemy against the British thus united, both denounced them. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Election Results The final results of the elections were declared in February 1937. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Largest Province in area, difficult to govern as one unit e.g. But, in general, they were. Thus >Congress leaders didnt attend. 1 See answer Advertisement SumanaPaul Only 109 of the 482 seats set aside for Muslims were secured by the League. Explain your answer with reference to all three of the above? The Act comprised 14 parts and 10 schedules. Jinnah immediately accepted as Muslim rights protected, but Nehru stated in a press conference this they were not bound to keep it once the British left, Jinnah thus immediately rejected the plan. Q Was Lucknow Pact of 1916 only beacon of hope b/w 1915 and 1930? If mass struggles destroyed one crucial element of the hegemonic ideology of British colonialism by demonstrating that British power was not invincible then the sight of Indians exercising power. Wanted their demands to be accepted. [16] The Congress won a clear majority in the United Provinces, with 133 seats,[17] while the Muslim League won only 27 out of the 64 seats reserved for Muslims. Not all Congress Government were able to coordinate administration with the popular mobilization, especially where right-wing dominated the provincial Congress and Government. And in a very short time, they did pass a very large amount of ameliorative legislation, trying to fulfil many of the promises made in the Congress election manifesto. A new Viceroy Lord Mountbatten was sent to India in 1947 to negotiate with local political parties regarding the future of India. Q: How successful was Hindu Muslim relationship b/w 1920 and 1929, Iqbal gave Idea of Muslim Homeland, Strengthened Two Nation Theory, Nehru report was anti Muslim, Iqbal gave clear cut goal in its opposition, He was source of Inspiration for future Muslim Leaders, accepted by Jinnah in 1940 resolution, Iqbals poetry tried to awaken Indian Muslims, Muslim criticized Simon Commission Report (No extra seats, no Sindh from Bombay separation), Deadlock between League and Congress, Nehru report and 14 points, Previous Reforms rejected by Indians because no Indian Opinion Taken, Congress refused to attend because reforms were not guaranteed, Why they were important for the Muslims of India, 1st RTC, British agreed on provincial autonomy (14 points demand) (helped Muslim in Muslim majority areas), 2nd RTC: British agreed to make Sindh and NWFP separate provinces (good for Muslims), 3rd RTC Gandhi took a hard line, rejected 14 points. The Congress was committed by its election manifesto and the election campaign to a policy of agrarian reform through reform of the system of land tenures and the reduction of rent, land revenue and the burden of debt. In contrast, Indian National Congress won almost the majority of seats of both Hindus and Muslims and formed its government in the provinces. Despite Provincial Autonomy, British province Governor could intervene For safety >Still many Indians could not vote, Q: Were Jinnahs 14 points the most important factor/event between 1928 and 1935 that strengthened Pakistan Movement? Congress won absolute majorities in five provinces and was the largest single party in four others. Ans: The ML was successful in 1937 elections to some extent. On the contrary, Indian National Congress was a comparatively much popular and organized party. Reasons for formation: (All points of Simla Deputation), 1906 Congress President refused to accept Muslims as significant community, Muslims thus needed right protection, second largest community of India, Q: Was Pro Hindu attitude of the Congress the most important reason for the formation of Muslim league in 1906? He, therefore, advised giving up of offices and starting preparations for another phase of Satyagraha. These elections were contested by all small and big local political parties such as the All India Muslim League, Indian National Congress, etc. hat will be the syllabus of The Descriptive paper of Further, nearly all the Congress-run states (that is, U.P., Bihar, Bombay, Madras and Assam) had. Thus paved way for Pakistan. Q: Was Simla Conference the most important between 1940 and 1945 that helped in the formation of Pakistan? The Congress Ministries adopted, in general, a pro-labour stance. Failure of Muslim League in 1937 Election. In Bombay, the AITUC, the Communists, and the followers of Dr. BR. please an increase in workers wages with a minimum wage. In November 1938, the Governments passed the. Furthermore, with its secular slogans, it could easily influence people irrespective of their religion. Congress wanted to nominate at least one Muslim member in executive council, rejected by >Jinnah since League wanted to be sole representation of Muslims in India. It lacked membership and official setup at lower levels in major cities, towns, and villages. Approximately 30 million people, among them some women, gained voting rights. Right wingers like Vallabhbhai Patel, Bhulabhai Desai, C. Rajagopalacbari or Rajendra Prasad preferred constitutional politics to radical agitation, and also by the committed Gandhians who believed in constructive programme. Same points as above, with reference to Hindu Muslim estrangement. As a majority in the lower house was not enough, in order to get any legislation passed through the second chamber, the Congress had to simultaneously pressure their upper class elements and conciliate them. [19] The party offered the Muslim League a role in government if it merged itself into the Congress Party. Student and youth movements revived and burgeoned. >League learnt from 1937 elections and thus improved planning, organization and campaigned efficiently. The pensions of officials dismissed during 1930 and 1932 for sympathizing with the movement were also restored. The major causes of Muslim Leagues's failure in the 1937 general Elections are as follows: Explain your answer. They had an image problem they were seen as aristocrates and princes while in realoty theu were poor an illetrate Acceptance of Separate Electorates, gulf between two communities grew, couldnt live together, two nation theory strong. In spite of this poor showing the Congress persisted in its claim that the party was representative of all communities. Gandhiji began to feel that We seem to be weakening from within.. One of the first acts of the Congress Government was to release thousands of political prisoners and detenus and to cancel internment and deportation orders on political workers. Viceroy Linlithgow declared India at war with Germany on 3 September 1939. the reason for the failure of Muslim league in the 1937 Thus gap between the two communities increased, showed they did not get together. Disunity among aims, Hindus only wanted Self Rule. Gandhiji was able to see the immense harm that the Congress would suffer in terms of erosion of popular support, especially of the workers and peasants, because of the repeated use of law and order machinery to deal with their agitations. 3. Iqbal and Chaudhry Rehmat Ali gave idea of separate Homeland in early 1930s, Jinnah agreed to it only after Congress Rule. He opposed militant agitations because he felt that their overt to covert violent character threatened his basic strategy based on non-violence. The morale of the ICS (Indian Civil Service), one of the pillars of the British Empire, suffered a shattering blow. The Congress leadership knew that their Ministries would not last long and would have to quit soon as the logic of their politics was to confront imperialism and not cooperate with it. In Madras, Assembly was in process of enacting a drastic legislation, but before a bill could be drafted, the Ministry resigned. Introduced to counter nationalism. Its report charged the congress for interference with the religious rites, suppression of Urdu and propaganda of Hindi, denial of legitimate representation and suppression in economy of the Muslims. In 1913 Muslim League changed their aim from British Loyalty to Self-Rule.

The policy had to be that of winning over or at least neutralizing as large a part of the landlord classes as possible so as to isolate the enemy and deprive him of all social support within India. Q Was the Khilafat Movement the most important event between 1920 and 1929 that affected Hindu Muslim Relations? In general, it dealt with questions of tenancy rights, security of tenure and rents of the tenants and the problem of rural indebtedness. >Jinnah didnt approve, since he knew no Pakistan if Independence without British being there to Partition, Congress started QIM to get general Independence and stop creation of Pakistan, alarming, Jinnah who quickened pace for Pakistan creation, Due to QIM leaders being arrested, League gained a huge advantage which it exploited to gain strength, Jinnah declared the QIM as blackmail, declaring it an attempt to take advantage of weak British condition. Despite factionalism, the Congress organization as a whole remained disciplined. For example, in case of U.P., this co-ordination was quite successful. I am a social activist and educationist. Consequently, it could not run an effective campaign in its favor. Explain your answer, Govt of India Act separate provinces acceptance, First major elections contested by League, lacked organization and planning because no experience. Elections were held in eleven provinces - Madras, Central Provinces, Bihar, Orissa, the United Provinces, the Bombay Presidency, Assam, the North-West Frontier Province, Bengal, Punjab and Sind. [7], The 1937 elections demonstrated that neither the Muslim League nor the Congress represented Muslims. Much worse was the mentality of a few of the right-wing Congress ministers. To prevent the rise of prejudice against other communities of India among the Muslims. L4: Failures of first RTC, Successes and Failures of RTC 1931 and 1932. How do you download your XBOX 360 upgrade onto a CD? and migrations of 1947.2 In the 1937 provincial elections, the league had won only two of the eighty-five Muslim seats; in the 1946 elections, so crucial to the credibility of Mohammad Ali Jinnah's demand for Pakis-tan, the league swept to victory with all but ten of the Muslim seats. Jinnah showed great commitment to the cause of the Muslims, but the election results were a great disappointment for the Muslims League. Muslim League was now standing parallel to Congress. The Muslims supported the British but did not wish to fight against their Muslim Brothers. Jinnah showed great commitment to the cause of the Muslims, but the election results were a great disappointment for the Muslims League. The economic achievements of the Guptas were the culmination of a process which began during the Kushanas. Quite often they treated all militant protests, especially trade union struggles, as a law and order problem. Many Muslims celebrated, and made it clear that Pakistan formation demand was democratic and could not be ignored. Linlithgow refused the demands of the Congress. So when after July 1937 the Congress ministries began to take over office in the eight provinces, it was hailed by the rural masses as an, But while the ministry formation raised great expectations and brought in greater militancy among the peasantry, it also brought the, When the proposed tenancy legislations of the Congress were significantly watered down because of landlord pressure, the peasants were not impressed and they staged in. Jinnah worked hard to improve the image problem of the Muslims after 1937 elections, thus successful in the 1945 elections. In 1937, the league was not a popular and organized party. Viceroy Linlithgow could only offer to form a 'consultative committee' for advisory functions. 2. In later years, especially during the Quit India Movement, the fear that the Congress might again assume power in the future, a prospect made real by the fact that Congress Ministries had already been in power once, helped to neutralize many otherwise hostile elements, such as landlords and even bureaucrats, and ensured that many of them at least sat on the fence.